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Controlling the hydrothermal reaction kinetics during the fabrication of Sb₂(S,Se)₃ solar cells is challenging. Chen Qian et al. show that sodium sulfide buffers the pH and allows a controlled release of Se, enabling a certified efficiency of 10.7%.

Transition-metal-catalyzed nitrene strategies exhibit high efficacy for intermolecular N–H insertion, but nitrene-mediated N–N coupling under metal-free conditions has rarely been explored. Herein, the authors report the selective N–N coupling using sulfilimines as nitrene precursors.

The efficacy of radiotherapy is sometimes hindered by the hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Chen et al. develop an injectable hydrogel encapsulating IL-12/aCTLA-4 co-engineered red blood cells, thereby alleviating hypoxia-induced radioresistance and sequentially releasing aCTLA-4/IL-12 to relieve tumor immunosuppression.

TCR-engineered T cells have shown limited efficacy in part due to the absence of co-stimulation leading to limited accumulation in solid tumors. The authors here show engineering the CD8β coreceptor with an intracellular CD28 domain enhances cytokine production, persistence, and tumor control in vivo independent of tumor-associated co-stimulatory ligand encounter.

NIID is a neurodegenerative disease caused by GGC repeat expansions within NOTCH2NLC gene. Here, authors develop a precise gene-editing therapy that effectively treats the disease in multiple models.

Limiting dietary methionine protects against kidney fibrosis by blocking the TGF-β– Smad3–Hoxc8/P-TEFb pathway, identifying Hoxc8 as a central driver of fibrosis and a potential therapeutic target for chronic kidney disease.

Psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues were compared, revealing that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2AR)-mediated G_i signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect, with the functional mechanisms underlying this providing insights for designing therapeutic drugs without hallucinogenic effects.

FUGAsseM predicts protein function in microbiomes using coexpression patterns from metatranscriptomes and diverse community-wide data.

Xi and colleagues show that BMP signaling has tumor-suppressive effects in ACVR1 wild-type diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma by modulating stemness via chromatin regulation of CXXC5, and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of this pathway using in vivo mouse models.

A soft mesh microelectrode array can seamlessly integrate in developing brains, enabling long-term, stable mapping of how single-neuron activity and population dynamics emerge and evolve during brain development.

In this longitudinal cohort study, Wang et al. examine how depression and recall of adverse childhood experiences interact over time among Chinese university students.

Electrochemical capacitors are limited by low capacity. Here, authors report that the increased offset potential from potential of zero charge electrochemically drives the continued partial desolvations in carbon nanopores, leading to largely increased electric double-layer capacitance and capacity.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Microporous materials such as zeolites are widely used in separation and catalytic applications. A thermally stable family of zeolites with chiral and achiral structures built from the same layer is now reported.

Enhancing utilization of single atoms is crucial but challenging in electrocatalysis. Here, the authors present a surfactant-assisted freezecasting method to optimize nanocarbon micro- and macrostructures, achieving near-100% site utilization and enhancing single-atom catalyst performance.

This study introduces an error-aware probabilistic update method (EaPU) that aligns stochastic analog compute-in-memory device behavior with neural network training dynamics, reducing weight updates and energy consumption.

Fluorinated elastomers as photoresists in the fabrication of soft neural probes are used to enhance the spatiotemporal recording capability at single-neuron resolution within the central nervous system of rodents.

Here, authors develop an anti-counterfeiting device using semiconducting polymer nanoparticles embedded in photoresist thin films. The device exhibits high brightness, stability, and encoding capacity, with promising uniqueness and reliability under UV exposure, high humidity, and temperature variations.

The authors introduce an evidential deep learning framework for machine learning interatomic potentials that efficiently provides robust uncertainty quantification, demonstrating its effectiveness across diverse atomic systems.

Here, Xiao et al. isolate a large panel of antibodies against human metapneumovirus fusion protein from human B cells, and characterize their epitopes, neutralization activities, and antigen binding specificity, providing a useful framework for understanding the immune response against hMPV.

Loss plays an important role in topological physics. Here, the authors demonstrate how loss can delocalize topological boundary modes in non-Hermitian systems via theoretical modeling and implementation on passive electric circuits.

In an unexpected interaction, infecting phages co-opt a bacterial protein to potentially facilitate genome degradation of competing phages.

The relationship between innate immunity and cellular senescence is unclear. Here the authors show that NRF1 promotes inflammatory signaling and suggest that NRF1 inhibition may improve age-related health outcomes.

In this phase 4 trial, the authors compare the immunogenicity and safety of co-purified diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis combined vaccine (co-purified DTaP) to diphtheria and tetanus combined vaccine (DT) in 6-year-old Chinese children.

A synthetic biology approach was used to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils, thereby addressing notable threats to marine biosecurity.

Nagano et al. identify the third mitotic cohesin complex, STAG3–cohesin, which, with its unique biophysical properties, weakens insulation and rewires regulatory interactions of spermatogonial stem cells, shaping the male germline nucleome.

A transfer technique that embeds a van der Waals interface of interest in a high-adhesion matrix can decouple the properties of the functional interface from the forces required for its fabrication, providing single-step material-to-device integration.

Researchers developed a solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration device using an ion-engine hydrogel, leveraging the synergistic effects of metal coordination and ion-preferential association, generating milliampere level current and 2.0 L m^-2 h^-1 freshwater from seawater.

The intrinsic light reflection of organic conjugated films significantly influences the optical performance of devices through Fabry–Pérot micro-cavity effect. Here, authors modulate cell micro cavity via tuning materials’ refractive index to improve photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells.

Multiple diversity facets contribute to forest ecosystem functioning. Here the authors investigate spatial patterns and predictors of forest tree species richness and structural diversity across China and project potential trends under future climate scenarios.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

Drug resistance poses a major challenge in cancer therapy. Here, authors present scDrugMap, a unified framework that systematically compares foundation models for single-cell drug response prediction and highlights models with superior performance.

Thermal protection is critical to extend the service life and avoid overheating in electrochemical devices. Here, the authors report a thermosensitive single-atom Rh1-Pd electrode that enables high activity towards formic acid electrooxidation under 35 °C, which drop down when the temperature is over 35 °C.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are known to contribute to the pathology of allergic asthma but the molecular mechanism by which they are getting activated are not fully known. Here authors show that the mTORC1 pathway, partly via neuromedin U receptor 1 (NMUR1), plays a pivotal role in ILC2 cell activation, and that inhibition of this signalling alleviates allergic asthma in mice.

Optimizing mechanical performance for polymer materials is frequently challenging, often require complex methods. Here the authors design an poly(ethylene glycol) material with enhanced mechanical properties by laser printing a micropillar and honeycomb micro-lattice.

A nickel-catalysed vicinal diborylation method is described, which can install two different boron functional groups on aromatic rings in a regioselective and site-selective manner, enabling the rapid synthesis of complex molecular building blocks.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

Resistive random-access-memory (RRAM)-based computing-in-memory (CIM) chips could overcome the von Neumann bottleneck and drastically improve energy efficiency for artificial intelligence (AI) applications. However, realizing their scalability necessitates the realization of higher-density integration, calling for cross-layer innovations from RRAM device optimization and unit cell design to integration strategies.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is driven by H3K27M oncohistones, but the exact related mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, the authors identify an H3.3K27M oncohistone-driven CREB5/ID1 axis that promotes transcriptional changes and progression in DIPG, which could represent a potential therapeutic target.

The molecular characterisation of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) across diverse populations remains crucial. Here, the authors perform a proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis of 272 Chinese STS patients across 12 subtypes, and obtain insights related to progression, metastasis, and immune signatures.

In China, adopting zero-carbon buildings at a 1.5 percent annual rate could reduce 1.21 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide emissions annually, with cost reductions through the use of recycled materials, according to socio-economic data and a building carbon emission simulation model.

Electrocatalytic co-reduction of CO₂ and nitrate to synthesize urea is a sustainable and promising option to the alternative conventional Bosch-Meiser. Here, the authors report a CeO_x-integrated diatomic electrocatalyst overcomes the traditional trade-off between urea yield and Faradaic efficiency.