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Despite the growing interest in Floquet systems, the role of the harmonics of the time modulation remains unexplored. Here, authors introduce an harmonic non-Hermitian skin effect and provide its experimental demonstration with an acoustic implementation, achieving controllable switching between uniform and opposite sound localization at the boundaries.

Emulating Schrodinger-equation-governed temporal dynamics in metamaterials is of strong interest. Here, the authors demonstrate that temporal scattering processes exhibit eigenstate topological braiding and dynamical topological phase transitions in circuit metamaterials.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are known to contribute to the pathology of allergic asthma but the molecular mechanism by which they are getting activated are not fully known. Here authors show that the mTORC1 pathway, partly via neuromedin U receptor 1 (NMUR1), plays a pivotal role in ILC2 cell activation, and that inhibition of this signalling alleviates allergic asthma in mice.

Phase transitions in Na layered transition metal oxide materials involving slab gliding and considerable lattice parameter changes limit the battery cycling life, especially at high voltages. Here, authors pre-engineer 15.8% O-type stacking faults to a P-type Na0.7Mn0.8Ni0.2O2, improving stability and enabling an electrode specific energy of 635 Wh kg-1 with 600-cycle life.

Hepatocyte-specific GPR110 mediates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis progression by regulating hepatic oestrogen sensitivity in a sex-specific manner, specifically in female mice.

Future development aims to meet hot data storage demands for data modification. Here, authors present a DNA origami nanostructure-enabled linked data storage system that uses distinct DNA origami as data-storing nodes, enabling parallel storage, and supporting data insertion/removal.

Tan and colleagues develop DNA nanodevices to detect the pH of the lysosomal outer surface, observing an acidic layer generated by TMEM175 that regulates lysosome positioning in response to changes in juxta-lysosomal pH.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Evaluation of medical LLMs’ reasoning process in professional medicine remains underexplored. Here, the authors present MedR Bench, which evaluates LLMs’ medical reasoning across exam recommendation, diagnosis, and treatment. They find that models excel at diagnosis but struggle with exams and treatment.

Thermal barrier coatings are vital for gas turbine blades but are prone to debonding and cracking. Here, the authors propose a method for the rapid detection and identification of such defects by combining thermographic and electromagnetic signals.

Finding efficient ways to release hydrogen from liquid carriers is key to advancing clean energy systems. This study introduces a resilient catalyst that drives highly selective hydrogen production from formic acid using low-grade heat.

Fanjiang Kong, Zhixi Tian, Xingliang Hou, Baohui Liu and colleagues report the cloning and functional characterization of J, the locus underlying the long-juvenile (LJ) trait that has enabled tropical cultivation of soybean. They show that J, an ortholog of Arabidopsis ELF3, downregulates the expression of E1, thereby promoting flowering under short-day conditions.

RNA base editing offers promise for treating genetic diseases but has faced efficiency limits. Here, authors developed AI-engineered APOBEC enzymes (ProAPOBECs) that enable precise RNA editing in mice, lowering cholesterol and improving autism-like behaviors.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

Cellular fate decisions are governed by the equilibrium between inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) and pro-apoptotic proteins (PAPs). Li et al. reveal that histone acetylation homeodynamics orchestrates this critical decision-making process by shifting the balance toward either survival or apoptosis.

Natural disasters induce power outages with unequal impacts on poverty and non-poverty counties in China. Climate change will further exacerbate this disparity.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

Phonon engineering with anisotropic Lorentz-type dielectric oscillations enables the creation of hyperbolic asymptotic line polaritons, achieving broadband diffraction-free propagation.

The gut microbiome affects systemic metabolism and is a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Here the authors demonstrate in a randomized controlled trial that effects of berberine, a plant alkaloid known to lower blood glucose, may be explained by the inhibition of Ruminococcus bromii mediated biotransformation of the bile acid deoxycholic acid.

Applying concepts from non-Hermitian physics to diffusive systems enables the static control of heat transport. Now, this notion is expanded to dynamic control, including a demonstration of programmed thermal transport in a metamaterial.

During the progression of type 2 diabetes, insulin-producing β-cells can lose their identity and become reprogrammed into other cell types. Here the authors show that murine diabetic β-cells require the protein Raptor for maintaining β-cell health and preventing them from turning into α-cells, independent of Raptor’s involvement in regulating blood sugar levels.

Preoperative prediction of lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) is crucial for surgical planning and prognostic management in thyroid cancer. Here, the authors develop LLNM-Net, a deep learning model to predict LLNM in thyroid cancer from multimodal data—including preoperative ultrasound images and clinical reports—, with robust performance across large cohorts from multiple centres.

The authors use data from underwater gliders, satellites and numerical simulations and show that submesoscale motions at ocean eddy edges pump heat upward, forming “warm rings” and a ~ 0.4 °C warming in the Lofoten Basin—a key pathway for Atlantic water heat loss.

Real-time MRI provides accurate navigation and targeting for neurological interventions. Here, the authors propose a deep unrolled neural network for MRI reconstruction that enables real-time monitoring of remote-controlled brain interventions and can be integrated into diagnostic scanners.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly relevant to assist with oncology imaging, but diagnosing rare tumours remains challenging. Here, the authors develop an AI approach to detect rare thyroid cancer subtypes by integrating clinical knowledge with image generation based on ultrasound imaging data from large patient cohorts.

ILC2s are heterogeneous, dependent on tissue location. Here the authors show that TGFβ-induced neuropilin-1 specifically marks lung ILC2s and controls their function in pulmonary fibrosis by inducing expression of the ST2 IL-33 receptor.

Open-source, multilingual medical LLMs can benefit a wide audience from different regions. Here, the authors present a large-scale corpus, a benchmark, and a series of LLMs openly to promote development in this field.

Genetic muscle diseases are difficult to treat due to challenges in delivering gene editors to muscles throughout the body. Here, authors engineer muscle-specific virus-like particles that fuse with skeletal muscle cells to deliver CRISPR tools and restore dystrophin in a DMD model.

This study identifies BNST theta and prefrontal BNST coherence as intracranial biomarkers predicting depression outcomes after DBS. Lower activity predicted better long-term benefit, linking brain circuits to emotional bias and anxiety.

Targeted multielement substitution of a lead-free relaxor ferroelectric perovskite distorts the lattice structure and induces strong polar disorder, leading to high-polar-entropy ferroelectric oxides with a high electrocaloric effect and long lifetime.

This study presents ultrasmall, bright lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles that overcome surface quenching, enabling high spatiotemporal resolution tracking of membrane proteins with exceptional photostability.

Momentum-band topology is an emerging concept in multidisciplinary physics. Here, authors present direct evidence for the momentum-band topology and time interface states in a PT-symmetric Floquet lattice, providing the first comprehensive examination of the temporal bulk-boundary correspondence.

Cellulose-based ionogels are promising for flexible electronics though it is challenging to balance mechanical, ionic, and thermal properties. Here the authors use a crystallization induced molecular assembly method, affording an ionogel balancing these properties for flexible electronics.

Single-beam optical pulling is counterintuitive and attractive, but to date its pulling range has been less than 0.2 mm. Here the authors demonstrate a 40-cm-long optical pulling of a droplet along a nanofibre by momentum engineering of its guided mode.

Bone and blood lineage cells communicate with each other to maintain skeletal homeostasis. Here, the authors show that MIRO1-mediated mitochondrial transfer from osteolineage to myeloid lineage cells regulates bone resorption by altering glutathione metabolism.

Minimally invasive irreversible electroporation shows some therapeutic promise in irresectable pancreatic cancers that are notorious for poor survival. Here authors combine this with administration of a hydrogel microsphere vaccine that augments the antigen presentation T cell response cascade that naturally initiates following ablation.

Due to the ionic nature of its mechanism, the Mannich reaction can only use non-enolizable aldehydes as substrates. Here, the authors expand the scope of the classical Mannich reaction to enolizable aldehydes by employing a radical process resulting in a streamlined synthesis of γ-amino-carbonyl compounds.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise in tumour immunotherapy but resistance has been seen. Here using pre-treatment hepatocellular carcinoma patient biopsies from patients scheduled for immunotherapy, the authors implicate BCL9 and show that a BCL9-targeting peptide promotes anti-tumour immunity in mouse models through targeting macrophages and promoting anti-tumour T cell responses.

Interventional embolization is essential for cancer treatment, but it lacks submillimeter vessel selectivity. Here, the authors show an embolic particle steering in micro-vessel networks via shape-adaptive acoustic manipulation and achieve superselective embolization.

An unconventional machine learning-based inverse design framework enables the generation of ultrabroadband and band-selective thermal meta-emitters with complex 3D architectures and diverse material compositions.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the skin. Here authors show that CDK9 degradation of retinoic acid receptor α is a vulnerability for CTCL and develop a degrader targeting CDK9 that synergizes with all-trans retinoic acid to reduce CTCL tumor growth.

Artificial intelligence-based detection of gastric cancer at different stages from noncontrast computed tomography is suggested to be feasible in a retrospective analysis of large and diverse cohorts, including real-world populations in opportunistic and targeted screening scenarios.