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Here, they develop optimized mouse testicular organoids that recapitulate key testicular functions and generate functional haploid germ cells, enabling the generation of normal fertile F2 offspring. These organoids can be used to model male infertility and screen for drugs that may prevent germ cell loss after chemotherapy.

Cardiovascular surgery and haemodialysis urgently need durable vascular grafts. Here, authors develop a decellularized polymer skeleton-reinforced biotube as a readily-available vascular graft and demonstrate utility in vivo across multiple large animal preclinical models.

Women with diminished ovarian reserve face persistently low success rates during in vitro fertilization. Here, the authors show that a modified letrozole protocol yields cumulative clinical pregnancy rates and cumulative live birth rates comparable to those of the GnRH antagonist protocol.

High-nickel layered positive electrodes suffer from lattice oxygen loss and inherent lattice strain. Here, authors report a self-derived subtractive strategy to form a coherent spinel-phase shell with tunable thickness to confine active oxygen intermediates and suppresses interfacial side reactions.

Liang Guang et al revealed that cardiac CDK9 is activated in hypertrophic myocardium and directly binds to NF-κB P65, promoting its phosphorylation to drive inflammation and remodeling. This finding identifies CDK9 as a potential therapeutic target for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

The authors present bioinspired solid-state proton diode membranes that achieve rectified proton transport by constructing an inherent water-content gradient and asymmetric transport pathways, enables efficient force-electric conversion.

Ischemic stroke involves complex peripheral and central pathologies. Here, authors develop a spatially tiered strategy using dual stiffness nanoparticles for compartment-specific drug delivery, offering a synergistic treatment paradigm.

Stabilizing 4d/5d metals as single atoms for catalysis is challenging due to their strong tendency to cluster. Here, the authors develop a hydrogen embrittlement-like assisted thermal activation strategy that prepares Ru-based single-atom catalysts, which achieve high performance in fuel cells.

The authors identify Npr1 as a nucleophagy receptor in fission yeast that acts redundantly with Epr1 to degrade nuclear components. Tethering chromatin to the inner nuclear membrane blocks nucleophagy, suggesting a genome protection mechanism.

Despite rapid development of model algorithms, more evidence is needed on the widespread clinical implementation of auto-segmentation tools. In this prospective, multicenter, observational trial, the authors find that AI-assisted delineation performs better than manual delineation while improving time efficiency and reducing performance metrics variability across centers and physicians with varying expertise.

This study delineates lifespan changes in the sensorimotor-association gradient using multimodal neuroimaging data from 33,247 participants, revealing a pattern aligned with evolutionary, structural, and cognitive hierarchies within a unified neurodevelopmental framework.

Platinum-based catalysts are essential for sustainable hydrogen production. Here, the authors report a scalable synthesis of a low-platinum catalyst supported on Ni-N-doped carbon nanotubes that maintains high activity and stability for over 4500 h in industrial-scale water electrolysis.

Osteoarthritis is driven by epigenetic dysregulation, yet targeted therapies remain elusive. Here, the authors develop a cartilage-targeting hydrogel delivering BRD4-degrading PROTACs to suppress the BRD4- Nav1.7 axis and alleviate osteoarthritis.

Selective catalytic strategies for ring-opening difunctionalization of methylenecyclobutanes (MCBs) remain elusive. Here, the authors report a nickel-catalyzed method that enables the 1,4- dicarbofunctionalization and 1,4- hydrocarbofunctionalization of MCBs.

Developing efficient battery electrolytes is a slow and complex challenge. Here, authors create a deep active learning framework that rapidly identifies high-performance materials and transfers knowledge to new designs, tripling battery lifespan while requiring significantly fewer experiments.

In this study, the authors identify an Aurka–Bhlhe41 axis, which prevents microglia from aging-like dysfunction by limiting CD22 upregulation, preserving myelin debris clearance and remyelination, and highlighting a potential therapy target for neurodegeneration.

Wang and colleagues used in vivo ATP imaging of retinal ganglion cells to determine the metabolic diversity across closely related neuron types. They found different homeostatic ATP levels and mitochondrial reliance for energy production that impacted survival after axon injury.

Bile acids, including glycocholic acid (GCA), have been associated to poor prognosis and cancer progression. Here, the authors discover that GCA inactivation of FXR reduces CD8 + T cell-mediated antitumor response in colorectal cancer.

Here, in a two-phase population trial, the authors show that composite polyphenols intervention could mitigate the increase in pro-inflammatory indicators associated with high microplastic exposure by modulating gut microbiota and up-regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways.

The core downstream mediator of the Norrin/β-catenin pathway remain elusive, hindering the treatment of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Here, the authors show that KIF11 acts as a key effector of this axis by preventing phosphorylation-driven PRDX1 phase separation and subsequent ferroptosis.

Topological interfacial coupling enhances PMA in 2D Fe₄GeTe₂, yielding coexisting IMA/PMA components enabling field-free SOT switching at low current density with polarity control, demonstrating reconfigurable logic for low-power spintronics.

Tight regulation of thymic T cell development is critical for immune homeostasis and leukemia prevention. Here, the authors identify USP10 as a MYC-induced deubiquitinase stabilizing SOX4 in early T cell development and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia progression, while USP10 inhibition delays leukemogenesis in mice.

Self-aggregation in self-assembled monolayers adversely affects on hole transport performance in inverted perovskite solar cells. To address this issue, Shen et al. propose an indole/carbazole co-adsorption strategy to construct phase-homogeneous monolayers featuring alternating molecular arrangements.

Converting syngas into high-value long-chain alcohols is a major industrial challenge due to poor product selectivity. This study achieves 80% selectivity through a modular catalytic design that boosts carbon efficiency while minimizing waste.

Understanding the biological functions of the RNA modification pseudouridine relies on robust methods to map its distribution. Here, the authors identify a methyltransferase that specifically labels this modification and develop a pulldown approach to enrich modified RNAs, enabling transcriptome-wide profiling of pseudouridine sites.

Developing robust anode catalysts that can operate at industrial-level current densities is essential for efficient hydrogen production. Here, the authors report a mesoporous ruthenium–titanium oxide solid solution with an engineered three-phase reaction interface for stable water electrolysis.

Accurate prediction of drug-target affinity (DTA) is central to drug discovery but remains challenging in low-data regimes where deep learning models generalize poorly. This study introduces AdaMBind, a meta-learning-based framework with adaptive task scheduling that substantially improves few-shot DTA prediction, enabling robust identification of high-affinity compounds and experimentally validated inhibitor discovery under stringent data constraints.

A retrospective analysis of a publicly funded NIPT programme in Hebei province, China, covering more than 1.18 million pregnancies, shows that first-tier NIPT achieved high coverage, reduced invasive testing by 97% and was more cost-effective than maternal serum screening, and the NIPT positive results were linked to higher risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, suggesting potential early warning value.

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is a regulatory element involved in genomic stability and gene regulation. This study identifies widespread eccDNA in early mammalian embryos. These eccDNAs arise from active genomic regions, increase during a major wave of gene activation, and can regulate key developmental genes.

The role of gut microbiota–metabolism crosstalk in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains unclear. Here, the authors revealed that sialic acid exacerbates PCOS pathogenesis by remodeling gut microbial bile acid metabolism and FXR activation.

Most studies assessing food self-sufficiency look at calories and neglect nutrient gaps. Comparing food demand and potential food production under land and water constraints, this study quantifies 9 key nutrient gaps for each of African’s 54 countries.

This study reveals how the Vip1-Vip2 binary toxin assembles and enables protein translocation into target cells, providing structural insights into binary toxin action and suggesting strategies for developing next-generation bioinsecticides.

TRPM1 is an integral membrane protein essential for dim light vision. Here, the authors show that its transmembrane domain is configured with an inverted orientation compared to all other related proteins. This configuration creates a large open pore that supports constitutive ion channel function.

Epitaxial CuO thin films exhibit crystal-symmetry-dependent orbital Rashba–Edelstein effects, enabling anisotropic orbital torque generation. The work reveals how crystal symmetry governs orbital angular momentum transport in oxide spintronic systems.

Turning CO₂ into useful fuels is promising but catalysts often quickly clump and fail. Here, Cu clusters trapped inside a porous zeolite guide hydrogen to activated CO₂ while staying stable, delivering long term, high CO output.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are linked to dyslipidemia, but why individuals respond differently is unclear. Here, the authors use a national biomonitoring cohort to reveal how specific genetic variants interact with PBDE exposure to increase risk, identifying a key mechanism that disrupts cholesterol metabolism.

Bacterial therapies for cancer face safety and complexity challenges. Here, the authors develop an engineered Serratia marcescens platform that leverages natural pigment biosynthesis to trigger antitumor immunity and enable rapid bacterial clearance, controlled by near-infrared light.

Hybrid perovskites show promise for spintronics but suffer from fast spin relaxation. The authors use isotope engineering, replacing hydrogen with deuterium, to suppress hyperfine interactions, boosting spin lifetime and enabling strong room-temperature spin transport and spin photovoltaic effects.

Low efficiency and immunotoxicity limit rAAVs clinical use. Here, the authors show that encapsulating rapamycin in PF127 micelles modulates cellular biomechanics, enhancing AAV-mediated gene transfer while reducing immunogenicity demonstrating application in osteoimmunological disorders.

Here the authors show that marine diatoms produce tryptophanol, a molecule that at extremely low concentrations rapidly activates nitrogen assimilation genes and enzymes. This facilitates acquisition of nitrogen, a vital ocean nutrient.

Microcavity exciton polaritons are a promising platform for optical parametric processes. Here, authors achieve efficient parametric emission with strong phase coherence in quantum confined microcavities, demonstrating a polariton supersolid phase at room temperature.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune condition and treatment options have limited efficacy. Here, by analysis clinical samples and employing preclinical models, the authors show that cGAMP levels are elevated in the plasma of patients with SLE and that loss of cGAS ameliorates symptoms in an imiquimod-induced lupus model. Importantly, they identify prasugel as a cGAS inhibitor with promising therapeutic potential.

FcγRIIb captures its ligand and targets it to lysosomal degradation following endocytosis. Here authors design bispecific-antibody-like molecules they call FcγRIIb-targeting chimeras or FcRTACs, to capture antigens with one arm and degrade them via an FcγRIIb-binding second arm to promote the clearance of pathological protein aggregates.

The interlayer π-π stacking primarily results in irreversible dispersibility of GO, providing supramolecular view for the regulation of graphene-based materials.

Mechanical computing is promising for environment-adaptive information processing, however existing methods have limited scalability. Here the authors report a polyaniline composite film enabling scalable logical operations.

High-latitude soils are future soil organic carbon loss hotspots, with losses dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC). The fraction of POC in total SOC (f_POC) is a key indicator, emphasizing the climate importance of preserving POC.

SLCO4C1 is known for regulating kidney diseases. This study showed SLCO4C1 regulates hepatic cAMP uptake to suppress lipogenesis in MASLD. Targeting this pathway by FGF21 or forskolin suppressed lipogenesis.