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The molecular heterogeneity of brain metastases (BrMs) poses challenges for their treatment. Here, the authors generate a multi-omic, single cell, and spatially resolved atlas of 1,032 pan-cancer BrMs and identify four molecular subtypes with distinct biological and clinical features.

This Commission aims to resolve the current dialysis policy challenges in Thailand and generate lessons for the global kidney community by drawing on empirical evidence, systems thinking and multidisciplinary expertise to generate policy goals and recommendations.

“This randomized controlled trial in adults with central obesity found that high-intensity interval training, performed once or thrice weekly, reduced body fat mass compared with control, highlighting the benefits of “weekend warrior” interventions.”

SARS-CoV-2 variants often exhibit immune evasion, necessitating antiviral strategies beyond vaccination. This study presents a papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitor called YL1004, which exhibits potent, broad-spectrum antiviral activity against wild-type, Delta, and Omicron variants in vitro and in vivo.

The presence of EGFR mutations and de novo MET aberrations limited response to EGFR inhibitors in patients with advance non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, the authors report a phase 2 randomised clinical trial investigating first-line osimertinib (EGFR inhibitor) plus savolitinib (c-MET inhibitor) in patients with MET-aberrant, EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC.

Purinergic signalling dysregulation can drive inflammatory disorders, but effective targeted therapy is still lacking. Here, authors develop a smart DNA origami nanodevice that can precisely sense and metabolize high levels of extracellular ATP, thereby fine-tuning purinergic signalling and immune homeostasis.

High sugar intake is a potential risk factor for heart failure, but there is insufficient evidence for the benefit of restricting sugar intake during pregnancy or early life. Using the end of UK sugar rationing as a natural experiment, this study shows that lower sugar intake early in life is linked to lower risk of heart failure and later disease onset.

E. coli is common in humans, animals and the environment but the extent of circulation between ecological niches is unclear. Here, the authors sample ~1,000 E. coli strains from different urban aquatic ecosystems in Hong Kong and describe genomic relatedness of markers of antimicrobial resistance.

Reconfigurable all-liquid optical fibers enable gigabit-speed communication while offering softness, rapid self-healing, and on-demand reconfiguration, providing a resilient alternative to brittle quartz fibers in dynamic application environments.

NIID is a neurodegenerative disease caused by GGC repeat expansions within NOTCH2NLC gene. Here, authors develop a precise gene-editing therapy that effectively treats the disease in multiple models.

This study presents a 3D large-range, boundary-identical, and open-cell microstructure datasets for the fast data-driven inverse design of bicontinuous multiscale structures with tunable elasticity and permeability for multifunctional applications.

SleepGPT is a time-frequency foundation model for sleep decoding, built on a generative pretrained transformer, achieving superior performance in various downstream tasks across datasets.

The molecular mechanism underlying DNA entrapment during loop extrusion by condensin remains poorly understood. Here, the authors use multiscale molecular simulations to show that DNA itself steers a flexible “safety belt” in condensin.

The study provides a comprehensive inventory of global mining footprints, finding that mining causes higher deforestation than previously estimated, with half linked to unrecorded activities, and highlighting the underestimated environmental impacts.

Hanging Coffins were a mortuary tradition practiced in southern China and Southeast Asia. Here, the authors show that different groups of ancient Hanging Coffin practitioners are genetically related, and that they are ancestors of present-day Bo people.

The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of bipolar disorder (BD) in Han Chinese and integrated PGC4 East Asian and European datasets, discovering 23 novel loci, prioritizing 39 credible risk genes and implicating BD-related cell types and druggable targets.

Structural characterization of two influenza hemagglutinin stem antibodies reveals binding to non-competing epitopes and the evolution of antigenicity of the hemagglutinin stem, which is a target for developing broadly protective influenza vaccines.

Multimodal immune profiling of ART pregnancies reveals systemic immune hyperactivation in gestational diabetes, characterized by activated CD8⁺ T cells, altered immune repertoires, and inflammatory signaling driven by FOS/JUN and KLF6.

Non-traditional luminescent polymers are materials without extended π-conjugation. Here the authors develop highly luminescent supramolecular polymers using dynamic quadruple hydrogenbonded motifs with potential for sensing and fluorescent adhesives.

A membrane system operating without electricity and inspired by natural fractal transport patterns achieves exceptional nanofiltration performance, offering a simple and reliable source of potable water for decentralized communities.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Experiments in mice and pigs revealed that l-theanine produced by Lactobacillus reuteri acts on host cells to increase the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids by stabilizing the expression of branched-chain amino acid transferases.

NbN/AlN/NbN qubits prepared by atomic layer deposition allow for precise control of the tunnelling barrier and stable operation beyond the temperature limit of aluminium-based devices.

Existing Moiré materials are mostly van der Waals heterostructures. Here the authors show that hydrogen-bond adaptability allows spontaneous formation of twisted bilayer ice at magic angles in 2D confinement, establishing a new class of Moiré materials.

An analogue memory built from a two-dimensional material with antimony contacts enables very high, energy-efficient in-memory searches and k-nearest-neighbour classification, offering a scalable, low-power hardware platform for real-time edge artificial intelligence applications.

In this study, a series of peripheral diseases were associated with increased dementia risk and collectively were related to about one-third of the global dementia burden, indicating the value of maintaining whole-body health for brain health.

Efficient and durable energy storage is vital for renewable integration. Here, the authors design an aqueous iron-cerium redox flow battery using a universal complexing agent that enhances stability and efficiency, achieving long cycle life and high performance in neutral conditions.

Functional group interconversion, a pivotal synthetic technique for precise editing of molecular building blocks, is rare when facilitated by energy transfer catalysis. Herein, the authors report two instances of photochemical rearrangement of isonitriles, facilitated by energy transfer catalysis under visible light.

An abrupt policy change in 2022 — allowing patients to choose between peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis — created severe unintended consequences for the Thai health system. A multidisciplinary commission found that interacting factors in the system were overlooked and that future dialysis policies must integrate more-diverse evidence and stakeholder views, prioritizing care quality and ethics while balancing equity and sustainability.

Single-cell analysis of B cells and their niches reveals gene regulation dynamics, developmental heterogeneity, cell-cell interactions, and age-associated B cell subpopulations with distinct secretory phenotypes.

Endocytosis of TFR1 plays a crucial role in extracelluar iron uptake. Here the authors revealed that PKCβII facilitates the endocytosis of TFR1 and increases cellular iron levels through the phosphorylation of AAK1, thus promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

In complex reaction systems featuring intricate product and pathway possibilities, achieving simultaneous control over multiple selectivities remains highly challenging. Now it has been demonstrated that biomimetic peptide–phosphonium salts can concurrently impart stepwise and stereochemical control in the asymmetric Atherton–Todd reaction, which enables efficient access to diverse P-stereogenic platform molecules.