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This study delineates lifespan changes in the sensorimotor-association gradient using multimodal neuroimaging data from 33,247 participants, revealing a pattern aligned with evolutionary, structural, and cognitive hierarchies within a unified neurodevelopmental framework.

High-latitude soils are future soil organic carbon loss hotspots, with losses dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC). The fraction of POC in total SOC (f_POC) is a key indicator, emphasizing the climate importance of preserving POC.

Cardiovascular surgery and haemodialysis urgently need durable vascular grafts. Here, authors develop a decellularized polymer skeleton-reinforced biotube as a readily-available vascular graft and demonstrate utility in vivo across multiple large animal preclinical models.

Response to next-generation selective oestrogen receptor-α (ERα) antagonist/degraders (SERDs) in ER+ breast cancer patients can be promising, but responses in advanced, pre-treated disease are heterogenous. Here, using samples from breast cancer patients pre-and post-SERD treatment, the authors identify loss of luminal lineage and subsequent ERα independence as a driver of SERD resistance.

Metabolic profiling of extracellular vesicles for diagnostic applications remains challenging. Here authors develop ACTIVITY, a cascade-catalysis strategy to detect metabolically active extracellular vesicles, enabling macrophage phenotyping and differentiation of pneumonia patients from healthy controls.

Flexible batteries often fail under harsh conditions. Here, authors developed a hydrogel electrolyte via synergism of nanophase separation, hydrated eutectic solvation, and hydrogen-bond networks, enabling flexible Zn||I₂ batteries with high specific energy and long lifespan across −40 to 80 °C.

Osteoarthritis is driven by epigenetic dysregulation, yet targeted therapies remain elusive. Here, the authors develop a cartilage-targeting hydrogel delivering BRD4-degrading PROTACs to suppress the BRD4- Nav1.7 axis and alleviate osteoarthritis.

Treatment failure exists in Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. Here this group reports a phase 2 randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab, to CCRT on 246 patients with untreated, non-keratinising, stage II–IVA LA-NPC.

This study presents a prefusion-stabilized vaccine candidate against Hantaan virus. The DNA and mRNA-LNP formats induce lasting neutralizing immunity in female mice, highlighting a promising advance in vaccine development.

Combining distinct confinement mechanisms can enable the engineering of novel electronic states. Here, the authors integrate a moiré potential with vertical quantum confinement in a heterostructure composed of twisted bilayer MoS₂ on (111)-oriented Bi nanofilms, revealing experimental signatures of a Wigner crystal.

Personalized vaccines show some potential in leveraging tumor-specific adaptive immunity for cancer therapy. Here, this group reports an in-situ hydrogel vaccine serving as a sustained reservoir for a tumor-derived extracellular vesicle antigens for personalized cancer immunotherapy.

In this work the authors employed deep learning-based methods to design mini-protein that block membrane insertion of complement C9. These well performed inhibitors provide an alternative approach for preventing diseases associated with abnormal complement activation.

A genome-wide association study in rice identifies variation in SBRR1 associated with sheath blight resistance. Introducing the SBRR1-R allele into a commercial rice variety reduces yield loss under severe exposure to sheath blight disease.

Survival requires prioritizing threats over pain. The authors identify a brain circuit in male mice, where fear signals from the cortex block pain-associated activation in the thalamus, revealing how fear suppresses pain and offering a potential target for therapies.

The COMPASSION16 trial showed survival benefits of cadonilimab plus standard therapy in advanced cervical cancer. Here, subgroup analysis confirms consistent progression-free and overall survival improvements across diverse patient profiles.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Introns, non-coding parts of genes, can hide critical functions. Here, the authors find a 9-nucleotide intronic RNA element that acts as a sensor, reading cell growth signals to control alternative splicing and fly ovarian development via a mechanism also conserved in human cells.

Halide solid electrolytes typically require high lithium content, raising costs and exacerbating air sensitivity. Here, authors leverage anion clusters to synthesize an amorphous electrolyte with low lithium content of 2.4 wt%, high ionic conductivity of 1.5 mS cm^-1, and good air-stability.

Spatial transcriptomics enables mapping of cell communication but is limited by low resolution and data sparsity. Here, authors develop a deep learning framework that integrates histology images with spatial RNA-seq for single-nucleus ligand-receptor analysis, uncovering tumor-immune interactions across multiple cancer types.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

Zhang et al. demonstrate that cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury leads to the accumulation of glutamylated microtubules, which disrupts connexin 43 trafficking and promotes arrhythmias. They further show that targeting microtubule glutamylation or spastin preserves electrical stability and protects the heart from injury.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries are limited by slow ion movement in cathodes. Here the authors show that introducing solvent molecules into layered cathodes improves ion transport and reaction kinetics, enabling fast-charging batteries with stable long-term performance.

In nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), cisplatin is known to be associated with poor treatment compliance and notable side effects therefore more effective platinum drugs are expected. Here this group updates the 10-year survival analysis results of a multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy of lobaplatin and fluorouracil induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy on 502 NPC patients.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

This study reports a self-driven nanoemulsification mechanism via surfactant-flux-induced interfacial instability, enabling the rapid, scalable production of highly uniform nanocarriers, such as nanodroplets, micelles, vesicles and polymeric nanoparticles, under mild conditions.

The condensation domain PvdL-C₃ is shown to synthesize the tetrahydropyrimidine ring of pyoverdine, revealing cyclization capability in a canonical non-ribosomal peptide synthetase domain. Structural and mutagenesis analyses identify key active site residues that control catalytic specificity and stereochemistry, providing a structural blueprint for enzyme engineering to produce bioactive peptides.

The Template-Independent Genome Editing for Restoration (TIGER) platform enables efficient and precise correction of frameshift mutations in vivo, incorporates algorithms to score therapeutic guide RNAs and demonstrates restored hearing in a mouse model.

Au nanowires with an unconventional hexagonal close-packed (4H) phase stabilize the 4H-phase high-entropy alloys grown epitaxially on their surface through a facile chemical synthesis. The resulting core–shell nanostructures demonstrate promising overall water electrolysis performance.

The susceptibility of mouse and human T cells to ferroptosis is determined by the balance of systemic polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, highlighting a key role for lipid metabolism and dietary composition in regulating T cell function.

Genetic basis of the drought tolerance of upland rice is unclear. Here, the authors report the cloning of a COBRA-like protein encoding gene DROT1 and reveal that it is repressed by ERF3 and activated by ERF71 to help control the balance between growth and drought tolerance in upland rice.

Perovskite–organic-based solar cells typically show poor reverse-bias stability. By modulating the deep trap state in the bulk-heterojunction region, organic and perovskite–organic tandem solar cells show largely improved stability under reverse biases up to –40 V.

14-3-3 proteins play roles in plant growth and stress responses. Here the authors describe a phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination switch that governs the activity of a rice 14-3-3 protein and immune reprogramming during M. oryzae invasion.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease characterized by scarring and impaired function, with vascular endothelial cells playing a key role in disease progression. Here, the authors show that endothelial mechanosensitive PIEZO1 promotes fibrosis by activating the CAPN2-STAT3-IL-33 signaling axis, identifying a promising therapeutic target for treatment.

Macrophages play an important role in repair and regeneration of damaged nerves in spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, Guo et al. investigate effects of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk on macrophage phenotype and develop a targeted nanorobot inhibiting the Ero1α/MAMs/mtCa²⁺ axis, promoting M2 polarization and neural repair as a therapeutic strategy to treat SCI.

Crystallizing the perovskite layer on thin tunnel oxide passivated contact silicon cells is challenging due to rapid heat transfer. Zhou et al. address this issue using a 2-mercaptobenzothiazole additive, achieving a tandem cell efficiency of 32.76%.

Diagnosing breast cancer through MRI is limited by high false-positive rates and inter- reader variability, leading to unnecessary biopsies. In here, the authors find that the BI-RADS 4 Lesions Analysis System (BL4AS) model improves diagnostic accuracy and reduces unnecessary biopsies as well as inter-reader variability

Functionalization of ZnTeSe quantum dots via ordering arrangement and energy-level modulation enables deep-blue quantum dot light-emitting diodes with a peak external quantum efficiency of 23.6% and a half-lifetime exceeding 50,000 h at an initial luminance of 100 cd m⁻².

The authors developed MOBILE, a compact photoacoustic imaging system for non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring in motion. It reveals how microcirculation adapt during exercise, offering a dynamic window into cardiovascular health.

Previous studies showed inhibition of glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 disrupts podocyte function. The study shows that PGK1-serine axis regulates and drives aging and damage of podocytes.

Bilayer CrTe₂ films grown via molecular beam epitaxy are found to host room-temperature multiferroicity and strong magnetoelectric coupling.