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LipoID profiles lipid droplet interactions and identifies interorganelle regulators.

A single-breath-hold 3D abdominal MRI technique (SSE-CEST) enables label-free mapping of glucose, glycogen and mobile protein in human liver, offering motion-robust, high-resolution imaging for cancer detection and metabolic monitoring.

Hepatitis C virus remains a health burden due to the lack of an effective vaccine, hindered by difficulties in replicating the native E1E2 antigen structure. Here, the authors engineer a stabilized E1E2 heterodimer using cryo-EM-guided modifications, enhancing immunogenicity and paving the way for future HCV vaccine development.

Thermogenic adipocytes are a potential therapy to combat obesity, although the process underlying their activation remains unclear. Here, the authors use epigenetic profiling to demonstrate RUNX1 and RUNX2 inhibit thermogenesis by distinct mechanisms.

Self-aggregation in self-assembled monolayers adversely affects on hole transport performance in inverted perovskite solar cells. To address this issue, Shen et al. propose an indole/carbazole co-adsorption strategy to construct phase-homogeneous monolayers featuring alternating molecular arrangements.

The yeast ceramide synthase assembles into a 4:4 complex through a Lac1 helix interface. This interface physically occludes the active site yet is essential for proper ceramide regulation, revealing sophisticated control beyond simple autoinhibition.

Despite rapid development of model algorithms, more evidence is needed on the widespread clinical implementation of auto-segmentation tools. In this prospective, multicenter, observational trial, the authors find that AI-assisted delineation performs better than manual delineation while improving time efficiency and reducing performance metrics variability across centers and physicians with varying expertise.

Computational methods can be used to find potent neutralizing antibodies against viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. Here the authors use an AI method to landscape antibodies, predict specificity and antibody-antigen structure, pick out potent neutralizers and show that these antibodies are protective against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in mice models.

Fanjiang Kong, Zhixi Tian, Xingliang Hou, Baohui Liu and colleagues report the cloning and functional characterization of J, the locus underlying the long-juvenile (LJ) trait that has enabled tropical cultivation of soybean. They show that J, an ortholog of Arabidopsis ELF3, downregulates the expression of E1, thereby promoting flowering under short-day conditions.

Here the authors show that marine diatoms produce tryptophanol, a molecule that at extremely low concentrations rapidly activates nitrogen assimilation genes and enzymes. This facilitates acquisition of nitrogen, a vital ocean nutrient.

SLCO4C1 is known for regulating kidney diseases. This study showed SLCO4C1 regulates hepatic cAMP uptake to suppress lipogenesis in MASLD. Targeting this pathway by FGF21 or forskolin suppressed lipogenesis.

Peptide identification in proteomics data is improved using an efficient open search engine.

Authors designed BaTiO₃-based multilayer ceramic capacitors through synergistic polymorphic nanodomain and defect optimization, achieving 18.7 J cm^-3 and 92.1% efficiency with excellent stability, offering a paradigm for synergistic domain and defect engineering.

Machine learning was used to screen a library of diverse lipids on the basis of their spatial conformation and identify an LNP formulation that enabled organ-targeted mRNA delivery and tumour suppression. The work highlights the critical role of ionizable lipid conformation in LNP engineering.

High-performance battery materials often degrade during standard cleaning processes. Here, the authors identify why water washing causes structural collapse in sodium-based oxides and demonstrate that ethylene glycol can safely remove impurities while maintaining the material’s integrity.

Xu and Wang et al. have developed a mouse-adapted Yezo virus model that recapitulates human disease and demonstrates that the broad-spectrum antiviral ribavirin, but not remdesivir, protects against lethal infection.

Conventional rechargeable zinc-air batteries face slow kinetics and thermodynamic incompatibility. Here, the authors propose a dual-cathode zinc-ethylene glycol/air battery, enabling concurrent efficient electricity generation and electro-reforming of plastic wastes into high-value C2 chemicals.

This study explores the role of protein hyperacetylation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It identifies Dlat as a key regulator of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, offering insights for clinical HFpEF interventions.

Bacteria employ diverse nucleases to defend against viruses. Here, authors characterize Upx, a single-protein, dual-nuclease system, and reveal that a specific phage protein relieves auto-inhibition to activate its antiviral function.

This paper reports the mechanism by which phytochrome B integrates JA and warm temperature signals in regulating chloroplast development through the HY5-MYCs transcriptional regulatory network.

Chiu et al. developed a machine learning model using routine blood test data, including complete blood count, differential count, and cell population data, to predict bloodstream infections in emergency department patients. The model accurately identifies Gram-negative bacteremia, supporting earlier diagnosis and timely care.

Plants commonly experience root damage, but whether microplastics can enter roots via wounds is still unclear. This study suggests that microplastics can enter roots via wound entry mode and move to aerial parts, potentially contaminating plant-based foods and posing health risks.

The reprocessability of covalent adaptable networks often comes at the expense of mechanical performance and thermomechanical stability. Herein, the authors introduce a dynamic N-hydroxyphthalimide-urethane bond to achieve thermomechanical stability and reprocessability in covalent adaptable networks.

This study reports a self-driven nanoemulsification mechanism via surfactant-flux-induced interfacial instability, enabling the rapid, scalable production of highly uniform nanocarriers, such as nanodroplets, micelles, vesicles and polymeric nanoparticles, under mild conditions.

An 8-year field experiment explores optimal biochar application strategies for reducing carbon dioxide emissions and boosting economic gains from rice production.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

The iNKT cell-targeted microparticle recruitment and activation system (iMRAS) is a biomimetic platform that serves to locally recruit, activate and expand CAR-iNKT cells in vivo to enhance CAR-iNKT functionality for improved cancer immunotherapy.

Functional and structural characterization of PtmA2 reveals that it is an unusual non-adenylating acyl-CoA ligase and part of a system wherein the canonical acyl-CoA ligase reaction is separated into two half-reactions performed by distinct enzymes.

A rare variation in the promoter of qRBG1/OsBZR5 is associated with larger rice grains. OsBZR5 is found to negatively regulate grain size in rice, a biological role opposite to other OsBZR members. A regulatory module of OsGSK2–qRBG1–OsBZR1–D2–OFP1 is further revealed.

Oxetane is a four-membered, oxygen-containing heterocyclic compound of importance in medicinal chemistry and drug development. Here, the authors report the discovery and subsequent protein engineering of a halohydrin dehalogenase, and develop a biocatalytic platform for enantioselective formation and ring-opening of oxetanes.

Long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are linked to the core collapse of massive stars, and in many cases Type Ic supernovae. Here, the authors identify that the time-evolving emission line in GRB 221009A is consistent with Doppler-boosted 56Ni decay, providing insights into supernova nucleosynthesis and relativistic jet dynamics.