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Bacteria can infect tumour cells which may affect the biological characteristics of the tumour or even the therapeutic outcome. Here authors show that Stenotrophomonas, upon entering tumour cells, trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to STING degradation and inhibition of MHC-II⁺ macrophages, which ultimately cause tumour progression and immunotherapy resistance.

Psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues were compared, revealing that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2AR)-mediated G_i signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect, with the functional mechanisms underlying this providing insights for designing therapeutic drugs without hallucinogenic effects.

SK2 channel regulates the intrinsic excitability and firing frequency of excitable cells. Here, authors present the cryo-EM structures of human SK2 with apamin and three modulators, revealing the structural basis for activation and inhibition of SK2.

Multimodal brain recordings are no easy task. Here, the authors introduce a neural implant with integrated carbon nanotube field-effect transistors for multimodal recording of electrical and chemical signals.

Tunable moiré WSe₂ bilayers realize Hubbard-model physics, exhibiting antiferromagnetism, strange metals and superconducting domes, offering a controllable platform to study high-transition-temperature superconductivity.

A chromosome-level Bactrian camel genome and multi-omics comparisons reveal adaptive evolution and convergent selection in desert ungulates, highlighting lipid/sterol metabolism—especially INSIG1—as a key driver of metabolic flexibility for desert survival.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Shoot branching is critical in determining soybean yield. Here, the authors report natural variation of Dt2 in controlling soybean branching number and the interaction of Dt2 with GmAgl22 and GmSoc1a to activate transcription of GmAp1a and GmAp1d.

Diagnosis of invasive pulmonary nodules and prediction of tumor invasiveness in lung cancer patients remains challenging. Here, mass cytometry analysis of peripheral blood samples from 1032 patients and a machine learning approach, the SMART platform, allow differential diagnosis and surgical management of small pulmonary nodules.

Zhu et al. find that aging causes region-specific myelin damage in the spinal cord, which is counteracted by enhanced TGFβ signaling in microglia, revealing a protective mechanism for healthy aging.

A model, trained to generate synthetic, patient-specific angiography images, reduced radiation exposure to patients and clinicians by two-thirds in a multicenter randomized controlled trial involving 1,068 patients.

Two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) are emerging candidates for organic 2D crystal materials, but the precise implantation of chirality has yet to be demonstrated. Here, the authors report a side chain-induced chirality amplification strategy to achieve tunable chiral expression in 2D c-MOFs.

Dirac semimetals have been proposed as parent materials for other topologically non-trivial phases such as Weyl semimetals, achieved by the breaking of time reversal symmetry. Here the authors use transport measurements to evidence such behaviour in single crystal Cd₃As₂under an applied magnetic field.

Colorectal cancer has high recurrence and metastasis rates making treatment difficult. Here, the authors report on peptide modified cell membrane coated cobalt based metal-organic frameworks which degrades and forms, in situ, photothermal materials with H₂S, allowing for immune-photothermal therapy.

SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, necessitating updated vaccines and therapeutics. Here the authors identify three broadly binding antibodies from vaccinated or infected individuals, characterize their conserved non-overlapping RBD epitopes by structural analysis and demonstrate protective effects in a hamster model.

Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus imports glucose via the bacterial mannose phosphotransferase system (PTS_man), which inhibits stringent response, supports growth in cerebrospinal fluid and promotes brain damage during meningitis.

Achieving truly continuous and precise analog calculations using DNA neural networks is challenging. Here, the authors develop a fully analog DNA neural network system called CALCUL, that performs highly accurate weighted-sum operations and can be recycled.

Dicarbofunctionalization of nonactivated alkenes is a simple way to rapidly build molecular complexity, but these transformations have not been extensively explore under metallaphotoredox conditions. Here, the authors develop a nickel/photoredox dual catalytic system for arylalkylation of alkenes.

A trispecific T cell engager has been developed to redirect bystander T cells, overcoming immunosuppression and enhancing antitumour immunity across multiple solid tumour types, alongside a machine learning-based tool to predict its efficacy.

The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of bipolar disorder (BD) in Han Chinese and integrated PGC4 East Asian and European datasets, discovering 23 novel loci, prioritizing 39 credible risk genes and implicating BD-related cell types and druggable targets.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Dispersion engineering is pivotal in nonlinear photonics but traditionally fixed by post-fabrication immutability. Here, the authors demonstrate integrated chalcogenide microresonators with arbitrarily reconfigurable dispersion, providing a scalable and reprogrammable architecture for multifunctional photonic circuits.

A three-dimensional (3D) nanofabrication platform based on metalens-generated focal spot arrays is introduced to parallelize two-photon lithography beyond centimetre-scale write field areas, revealing the potential of 3D nanolithography towards wafer-scale production.

Here the authors develop a dispersive Fourier transform (DFT) based LIDAR method utilizing phase-locked Vernier dual soliton laser combs and demonstrate improved precision in the measurements.

A study reveals progressive cohesin loading and a hypertranscription state responsible for the formation of genic cohesin islands at active regulatory genes in mouse embryos, highlighting an interplay between chromatin architecture and transcription as they are established for the first time.

Nitrogen promotes wheat’s recovery after drought stress through the TaSnRK2.10-TaNLP7 module. This breakthrough connects drought-stress signalling with nitrate response pathways, providing a genetic framework for developing climate-resilient crops.

Magnetic topological materials have a variety of interesting properties, but very few material realizations exist. Here, the authors report a topological nodal-line semimetal and a topological massive Dirac metal phase in EuAs₃ and demonstrate a magnetism-driven transition between these phases.

It has been predicted that the presence of strong electronic correlations may generate new phases in materials with topologically non-trivial band structure. Here, the authors demonstrate the generation of Dirac mass in the correlated Dirac semimetal candidate ZrTe₅under high magnetic fields.

Fungal diseases threaten crops worldwide. By resolving the cryo-EM structure of fungal succinate dehydrogenase, researchers designed an inhibitor with broad antifungal activity, strong field performance, and reduced environmental toxicity.

A template-free magnetization strategy for inverse programming of hard-magnetic domains embedded in solvent-responsive hydrogel is reported using a photodosage-based printing method, achieving shape morphing into 3D curved surfaces under the actuation of a magnetic field.

G6PT plays a vital role in glucose homeostasis by transporting glucose-6-phosphate to the lumen of ER. Here, authors present the cryo-EM structures of human G6PT in distinct forms, revealing the structural basis for transport and inhibition of G6PT.

Selective activation of specific C–F bonds in polyfluoroarenes remains a major challenge in organic synthesis. Now, a photoexcited nickel-catalysed cross-electrophile coupling between polyfluoroarenes and aryl chlorides has been developed. This enables highly selective arylation of atypical C–F sites, facilitated by a synergistic lithium salt effect.

How the carriers behave in a Weyl semimetal if they occupy the lowest Landau level remains elusive. Here, the authors report evidences of electrons occupying zeroth chiral Landau levels with distinct linear dispersion behaviors for two inequivalent Weyl nodes in a Weyl semimetal NbAs.

It is uncertain how much life expectancy of the Chinese population would improve under current and greater policy targets on lifestyle-based risk factors for chronic diseases and mortality behaviours. Here we report a simulation of how improvements in four risk factors, namely smoking, alcohol use, physical activity and diet, could affect mortality. We show that in the ideal scenario, that is, all people who currently smokers quit smoking, excessive alcohol userswas reduced to moderate intake, people under 65 increased moderate physical activity by one hour and those aged 65 and older increased by half an hour per day, and all participants ate 200 g more fresh fruits and 50 g more fish/seafood per day, life expectancy at age 30 would increase by 4.83 and 5.39 years for men and women, respectively. In a more moderate risk reduction scenario referred to as the practical scenario, where improvements in each lifestyle factor were approximately halved, the gains in life expectancy at age 30 could be half those of the ideal scenario. However, the validity of these estimates in practise may be influenced by population-wide adherence to lifestyle recommendations. Our findings suggest that the current policy targets set by the Healthy China Initiative could be adjusted dynamically, and a greater increase in life expectancy would be achieved.

This study reveals that wheat migration as a strategy for climate adaptation lacks sustainability in the North China Plain. Irrigation and fertilization management provide mitigation opportunities to reduce negative environmental impacts and avoid carbon leakage.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Dihydrouridine (D) is an abundant RNA modification but its functions are currently unclear. Here, authors develop CRACI, a sensitive method for transcriptome-wide, single-base D mapping, identifying sites across mammalian and plant transcriptomes and identifying DUS2L as a mitochondrial D writer.

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from computed tomography could significantly contribute to guiding lung cancer surgery, but requires comprehensive clinical validation. Here, the authors test the effectiveness of an AI-driven 3D reconstruction system for lung cancer surgery in a retrospective, multi-center, multi-reader, multi-case study.

The electronic surface states of bismuth present promise for applications exploiting spin and valley degrees of freedom however their study is inhibited by bulk states. Here, the authors directly access the surface-state Landau levels of ultrathin bismuth films under a perpendicular magnetic field.

Ion transport in nanochannels is governed by distinct regions, including the ‘real first interface’ (RFI), whose role remains unclear. Here, the authors design a diblock DNA probe to isolate and reveal the charge-driven contribution of the RFI to ionic current regulation.

Testicular aging affects male reproductive health. Here, the authors show that impaired ketogenesis in Leydig cells drives testicular aging, and boosting ketogenesis or supplementing with the ketone body BHB can help mitigate testicular aging.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

High-speed flexible circuits are essential in flexible systems for real-time information analysis and wireless communication. Here, flexible circuits are reported with a 281 ps stage delay based on scaled carbon nanotube thin film transistors.

Desorption of ions from sorbents generally involves high acid or base concentrations and long desorption times, especially for multivalent ions. Here the authors report a rapid and efficient desorption of Co²⁺, Mn²⁺, and Sr²⁺ adsorbed on magnetite-graphene oxide that occurs by adding low amounts of Al³⁺, which is shown to interact with graphene more strongly than divalent ions.