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Xu et al. report that CDK10 drives immune evasion by reducing nucleic acid sensors-mediated innate immune response in tumor cells and that its inhibition improves response to immune-checkpoint blockade in preclinical cancer models.

A group of extremely energetic electrons peaking at a few million electron volts is revealed in a large solar flare observed in microwaves. This megaelectronvolt-peaked population appears to originate near a coronal source where bulk electron acceleration occurs.

Programming microbial interactions can enhance biomanufacturing. Here, the authors develop a synthetic yeast toolbox that programs cell–cell adhesion and cross-feeding, enabling spatial patterning coupled with division of labor to boost production of the high-value antioxidant resveratrol.

A model, trained to generate synthetic, patient-specific angiography images, reduced radiation exposure to patients and clinicians by two-thirds in a multicenter randomized controlled trial involving 1,068 patients.

The sustainable synthesis of carbohydrates from CO₂ is challenging due to the complexity of controlled CO₂ reduction. Here a two-step method for the sustainable synthesis of C₅₊ carbohydrates is reported. CO₂ is initially fixed into hydroxymethanesulfonate, which is then used as a formaldehyde surrogate in a formose reaction to synthesize C₅₊ carbohydrates.

Engineered mucus-tethering bispecific nanobodies neutralize and entrap viruses to enhance mucosal immunity, preventing influenza infection and limiting SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

A widely applicable, cost-effective, easily accessible and handleable, highly active, and recyclable d3-methylation reagent remains has not yet been reported. Here, the authors design a thianthrene-based organic polymer that shows the ability of capturing and releasing a d3-methyl reagent.

Silicon anodes promise much higher battery capacity but are limited by poor storage life. This work identifies key ageing mechanisms and suggests ways to improve long-term stability.

Organocatalytic allylic substitution of Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) adducts constitute powerful transformations within organic synthesis. Here the authors present an asymmetric direct α-C–H allylic alkylation of NH₂-unprotected benzylamines with MBH adducts, using a bifunctional chiral pyridoxal catalyst, producing biologically important chiral γ-amino acid derivatives.

Fabrication of fully stretchable organic light-emitting diodes incorporating an intrinsically stretchable exciplex-assisted phosphorescent layer along with MXene-contact stretchable electrodes is described, demonstrating high efficiency and mechanical compliance for applications in next-generation wearable and deformable displays.

This study identifies adenosine A_2A receptor (A_2AR) signaling in the choroid plexus as a key driver of cerebrospinal fluid hypersecretion and ventriculomegaly in hydrocephalus. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of choroid plexus A_2AR mitigates disease pathology, highlighting A_2AR antagonism as a promising therapeutic strategy for hydrocephalus.

Gas evolution severely limits the performance of LiFe_xMn_1−xPO₄ batteries, yet its mechanisms remain unclear. Now it has been shown that CO₂ originates mainly from the cathode and H₂ from Mn/Fe-catalysed reactions at the anode, while a uniform carbon coating effectively suppresses metal dissolution and stabilizes cycling.

Using lipid nanoparticle delivery of mRNAs to the liver in aged mice, T cell function and declining immune cues can be restored.

Metastatic cancer cells rely on metabolic flexibility to survive. Here, the authors show that metastatic breast cancer cells use lactate for mitochondrial oxidation via the CD147/MCT1/LDHB complex to sustain stemness and promote metastasis.

A DNA nanoruler platform enables precise measurement of the labeling radii of TurboID and APEX2, uncovering their contact-dependent mechanisms. These findings redefine the enzymology of proximity labeling and highlight the promise of DNA nanotechnology for spatially resolving enzyme reactivity with nanometer precision.

Topological metamaterial clothing based on metallic conductive textiles can be used to create robust biosensing networks on the human body that can monitor vital signs during exercise.

Nanoparticles sensing glycosaminoglycan loss in osteoarthritis enable disease-severity-responsive delivery of ghrelin messenger RNA to cartilage lesions, reducing cartilage damage, bone thickening and pain in animal models.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Wearable silent speech systems hold potential for restoring communication in patients suffering from speech impairments. Tang et al. report an AI-driven silent speech system for dysarthria patients, which enables zero-time-delay expression and context-aware emotion decoding-based sentence expansion.

Biomimetic artificial nanochannels have potential applications in signal regulation and subcellular biosensing. Here authors present artificial nanochannels based on DNA-functionalized glass nanopipettes, which when targeted to mitochondria can be used to evaluate and manipulate the interaction network between mitochondria and other organelles.

Reproductive success is tightly linked to nutrient availability, though how metabolism is linked to oogenesis is unclear. Here they use Drosophila for a targeted RNAi screen and identify fatty acid synthesis as a critical brake point for oocyte development.

Stable adipocytes resist lipolysis in healthy states but are highly susceptible to a catecholamine-independent, neurosystemic pathway-driven catabolic state.

Archaeal membrane lipids have distinct structures but lack comprehensive databases for high-throughput identification. Here, authors present ArchLips, a database containing over 219,348 in silico structures and mass spectra, enabling automated, accurate annotation of archaeal lipids.

Mitochondrial ClpXP maintains protein quality through targeted degradation. Here, the authors use cryo-EM to define the stepwise assembly of human ClpXP, identifying key intermediates and a unique E-loop element that regulates complex formation and proteolytic activation.

Engineering of bacterial outer membrane vesicles to express anti-PD-L1 antibody and plasmids encoding the CAR target antigen boosts CAR-T therapeutic efficacy in solid tumours.

Labdane derived hapmnioide-type diterpenoids, which have been identified as chemical markers for Haplomitrium liverwort, show potent anti-inflammatory and allelopathic activities. Here, the authors report the total synthesis of seven typical Haplomitrium diterpenoids through late-stage biomimetic skeletal reorganization.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown potential as a therapeutic delivery system for cancer treatment. In here the authors have established HEK293T cells engineered with α-HLA-G VHH antibody-chimeric CD63 protein to promote the production of EVs that can augment the targeting of HLA-G-positive tumor cells

Retinal prostheses aim to restore sight by stimulating residual retinal cells. Here, the authors develop a photoacoustic stimulation technology using a PDMS and carbon-based flexible film that activates retinal cells with near-infrared laser pulses, ex vivo and in vivo.

Selective catalytic reduction of NOx to N₂ using methanol as the reductant (Methanol-SCR) offers a promising route for eliminating NOx emissions from methanol engines and coal-fired power plants, but its performance at low temperatures remains limited. Here, the authors identify a strategy to enhance low-temperature Methanol-SCR activity through the cooperation between zeolitic acid sites and single iron redox sites.

Despite extensive structural studies elucidating how antigens are anchored to antigen-presenting molecules and presented to T cells, little is known about the display mechanism of the lipid-antigen-presenting molecule CD1c. Here, by combining structural immunology, lipidomics, and biophysical analysis, the authors reveal that the CD1c binding cleft accommodates two different lipids, one of them with a bulky headgroup positioned sideways for display to T cells, rather than upwards, different from the conventional upright antigen-presentation mode

Phellodendron amurense is a Tertiary relict species with significant ecological and medicinal value. Here, the authors report its genome assembly and reveal the involvement of CNMT gene family is berberine biosynthesis.

How high-fat diet disrupts brain circuits that regulate food intake is unclear. Here, the authors show such a diet downregulates Hcn1 and Gad2 in lateral septum, which in turn disrupts circuit activity and promotes overeating and obesity in mice.

Wang, Chu, Chen, Wei and colleagues discover a subset of tumour-associated macrophages expressing SLC2A1 whose spatial proximity to CD8⁺ T cells drives resistance to anti-PD-L1 treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Low glume coverage is the preferred for easy threshing in grain production, but the genetic basis remains unclear. Here, the authors report the gene GC1, which encodes an atypical G protein γ subunit, negatively regulates sorghum glume coverage and the naturally truncated alleles can be useful in the naked grain breeding.

BARCODE is an open-access software that automates high throughput screening of microscopy video data to produce a unique fingerprint or ‘barcode’ of performance metrics that enables optimization and accelerates discovery of soft, active materials.

How site-specific tumor microenvironment (TME) drives the metastasis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains unclear. Here, the authors employ an integrated single cell multi-omics approach to map the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HGSOC metastasis TME and identify an interaction network within the TME driven by SELENOP⁺ macrophages and pre-exhausted CD8⁺ T cells.

Synovitis is a key early driver of osteoarthritis (OA), and RANKL contributes to cartilage degradation in OA. Here the authors show that denosumab, an anti-RNKL antibody, reduces synovitis and delays OA progression in animal models and patients.

MedHELM, an extensible evaluation framework including a new taxonomy for classifying medical tasks and a benchmark of many datasets across these categories, enables the evaluation of large language models on real-world clinical tasks.

Surface reconstruction during reactions often generates unique active sites that boost catalytic performance. Here, the authors show that supported Ni₃InC₀.₅ nanoparticles undergo CO₂-induced surface oxidation, forming defective In₂O₃₋ₓ layers and inverse In₂O₃₋ₓ/Ni interfaces during CO₂ hydrogenation.

Shape-changing substrates are pivotal for advancing minimally invasive, conformable bioelectronics, yet their implantation is hindered by inaccessible triggering mechanisms and complex geometric fabrication. Here, the authors report a digital 4D printing technique for fabricating customized shape memory hydrogel substrates enabling trigger-free shapeshifting with predefined onset periods.

Compact MXene fibers with near-gigapascal strength are continuously fabricated by radial confinement and axial stretching under room temperature. Large-area textiles made from the fibers show superior electromagnetic interference shielding capacity.

IBI318 is a recombinant bispecific IgG1 antibody that targets PD-1 and PD-L1. Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of IBI318 combined with the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance to first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Direct observation of the Migdal effect in neutron–nucleus collisions is reported, which resolves a long-standing gap in experimental validation.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with limited risk stratification. Here, the authors perform multi-omic analysis of MTC samples from 452 patients across 10 Chinese clinical centers, identify molecular subtypes and develop a prediction model.

An ultrasmall particle adjuvant therapy reprogrammes the tumour microenvironment of a resistant melanoma to a pro-inflammatory state, enhances antitumour immunity and synergizes with immune checkpoint inhibitors to prolong survival in murine models.

Despite the global spread of the mpox virus, the long-term durability and breadth of infection-induced immunity are not fully understood. Here, the authors analyze MPXV-specific immune responses up to 18 months post-infection, revealing robust cellular immunity and cross-neutralization among orthopoxviruses, which inform reinfection risks and vaccine development strategies.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) recurrence driven by residual glioma-initiating cells (GICs) and immunosuppressive microenvironment presents a significant clinical challenge. Here, they report an injectable therapeutic platform that targets remaining GICs and reverses the immunosuppressive microenvironment after postoperative resection to prevent the recurrence of GBM.

Noise-induced hearing loss is commonly attributed to direct damage to sensory hair cells. Here, the authors reveal that non-sensory supporting cells play a critical role in the damage through Gasdermin D-mediated exacerbation of hair cell oxidative stress.

Cryogenic transport measurements of CsV₃Sb₅ nanobeams show a zero-field Josephson diode effect and radio-frequency rectification with power-dependent quantized voltage output.