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The spatial organisation of the tumour microenvironment (TME) can affect immune responses that control tumour growth. Here, the authors use single-cell transcriptomics and spatial transcriptomics to identify a lymphocyte aggregated region (LAR) in gastric cancer and compare its cellular and molecular composition with the neighbouring TME.

The use of benzene ring contraction in chemical synthesis is challenging due to the need to disrupt aromaticity and generate highly strained intermediates. Now, a photothermal ring contraction reaction for the synthesis of multisubstituted fused pyridines is reported, from arylhydrazines and carbonyl compounds, via benzene ring contraction.

The controllable regio-divergent and enantioselective C–H bond transformation of secondary amines at different N-alkyl groups has remained underdeveloped. Herein, the authors report a Cu-catalyzed α’/β-regiodivergent and β-enantioselective cyanation of secondary amine-derived ureas through ligand-controlled adjustable 1,4’/1,5-hydrogen atom transfer.

Eukaryotic Fanzor proteins are compact and advantageous for delivery, but their activity remains limited. Here, the authors engineer an improved Fanzor2 system (evoMmeFz2) using structure-guided and AI-assisted strategies to enable efficient exon skipping in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy model.

Metal–ligand synergistic catalysis remains underexplored in single-atom systems. Here, inspired by homogeneous pincer complexes, the authors construct Pd(II)–N₄ sites on carbon nitride, enabling highly selective photocatalytic semi-hydrogenation of alkynes.

Here the authors report a phase 3 clinical trial showing that Ecnoglutide, designed as a cAMP-biased GLP-1R agonist, improved glycaemic control versus placebo in adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with diet and exercise alone or with a single oral hypoglycaemic agent.

Multislice electron ptychography reveals that gradient-distributed ions induce progressive lattice distortions from bulk to surface, driving monoclinic γ-WO3 electrochromic materials to transform into tetragonal and cubic phases and forming the gradient-distributed colour centers.

Cystine levels in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumour microenvironment are deficient, despite its crucial role for cancer cell maintenance. Here, the authors show that adaptation to cystine limitation stress promotes PDAC growth through induces metabolic reprogramming to promote PDAC tumor growth, while conferring a vulnerability in lipid metabolism targetable by lomitapide.

Shoot branching is critical in determining soybean yield. Here, the authors report natural variation of Dt2 in controlling soybean branching number and the interaction of Dt2 with GmAgl22 and GmSoc1a to activate transcription of GmAp1a and GmAp1d.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

The presence of EGFR mutations and de novo MET aberrations limited response to EGFR inhibitors in patients with advance non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, the authors report a phase 2 randomised clinical trial investigating first-line osimertinib (EGFR inhibitor) plus savolitinib (c-MET inhibitor) in patients with MET-aberrant, EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC.

GALRs, receptors for the neuropeptide galanin, have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease. Here the authors report that GAL53, a long galanin peptide derived from non-mammalian vertebrates, alleviates induced colitis in preclinical models by engaging GALR2 and activating the β-arrestin2-biased signalling pathway.

Spatial epigenomics (SE) data suffer from high sparsity. The authors present SPEED, a deep matrix factorization framework that leverages atlas-level single-cell epigenomic data to denoise SE data, showcasing a promising toolkit for SE analysis.

Plants utilize anion channels to adapt to environmental stresses. Here, authors elucidate the coordinated regulatory mechanisms within the SLAH family and demonstrate that tRNA molecules directly bind to and inhibit the SLAH1 anion channel.

There is an unmet medical need for endometrial cancer patients with mismatch-repair proficient disease. Here, the authors report the primary analysis of the FRUSICA-1 phase Ib/II trial evaluating fruquintinib plus sintilimab in this population, showing an ORR of 32.7%, a median PFS of 8.6 months, and manageable toxicity.

A fundamental objective of genomics is to track variations in gene expression program. Here, authors developed Dyan-vivo-seq, which offers unprecedented insights into temporal RNA dynamics within intricate and dynamic biological systems at single-cell resolution.

Tang, Chen, Qian et al. present a multimodal, interpretable dimension reduction framework called SpaHDmap, which leverages histology images and enhances the resolution of spatial transcriptomics, thus enabling the dissection of complex tissue structures.

Transboundary river basins (TRBs) are at an increasing risk of water scarcity-induced conflicts. Nearly 40% of global TRBs could face such conflicts by 2050, but measures such as intra-basin cooperation could reduce this proportion to less than 10%.

Trace benzene poses a risk to the health and safety of humans, resulting in a challenging task. Here authors synthesise double-walled Al-based MOF ZJU-520(Al) with trace benzene adsorption (5.98 mmol g^–1) and excellent benzene/cyclohexane separation ability.

The regulatory roles of structural variations (SVs) in transcriptional networks and agronomic traits of tea plants are largely unexplored. Here, the authors assemble the pangnome from 22 representative tea accessions and their wild relative and reveal SVs driving gene expression alteration and agronomic traits diversification.

A certified flexible perovskite/crystalline silicon tandem solar cell has efficiencies rivalling its rigid counterparts and demonstrates exceptional mechanical robustness and stability.

Mechanisms for generating spin-polarized currents may be helpful for applications. Now one such mechanism that uses the unusual Landau-level spectrum of WSe₂ under a strong magnetic field is demonstrated.

Metastatic cancer cells rely on metabolic flexibility to survive. Here, the authors show that metastatic breast cancer cells use lactate for mitochondrial oxidation via the CD147/MCT1/LDHB complex to sustain stemness and promote metastasis.

Electrical doping and charge transfer in 2D antiferromagnet CrSBr reversibly switch its magnetic state, enabling gate-tunable spin valves and ultralow-power spin control without ferromagnetic contacts, advancing fully electrical 2D spintronics.

A dual interfacial hydrogen-bond passivation strategy and a hybrid copper–iodide are used to fabricate deep-blue light-emitting diodes with excellent external quantum efficiency and lifetime.

Angiogenesis-targeting secretome therapies may provide a new therapy for ischemic heart disease. Here, the authors show that CCL28 promotes angiogenesis via CCR10 signaling, and recombinant CCL28 offers therapeutic potential in ischemic models, including diabetic conditions.

Converting carbon dioxide into valuable multi-carbon products remains challenging under acidic conditions. Here, the authors develop a covalent organic framework–modified copper nitrate catalyst that enables stable ethylene production at high current densities.

Cost-effective carbon is inherently selective for O₂-to-H₂O₂ conversion, yet challenged by insufficient activity and unclear active site identification. Here, the authors report surface-engineered carbon quantum dots that elucidate the active motifs and achieve high-rate H₂O₂ electrosynthesis.

Genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses from a population of 295 diverse sweet-corn inbred lines provide insights into kernel quality formation mechanisms and the divergence of sweet corn and field corn.

The mechanism of lipoprotein sorting to the bacterial cell surface is still unclear. Here, authors determine the crystal structures of paLptDE-LptM and apo-paLptDE, providing insights into how SLPs are transported to the cell surface via LptDE.

Solute carrier family 26 (SLC26) mediates transmembrane transport of negatively charged ions. Here, the authors report cryo-EM structures of human SLC26A7 in apo and iodide binding states, providing insight into the ion recognition mechanism of SLC26 family proteins.

A device for rectifying supercurrents at liquid-nitrogen temperature with high efficiency is demonstrated. This is a practical step towards implementing dissipationless electronics.

A natural variant of RCN2 enhances nitrogen assimilation and grain yield in rice by restricting chromatin loop extrusion and competitive interaction with the OsSPL14–SLR1 regulatory module.

Organosulfates can rapidly form at the surfaces of sea spray droplets via the spontaneous oxidation of dimethyl sulfide and alcohols, providing a previously overlooked pathway in the marine sulfur cycle.

Dimensional regulation of 2D perovskites remains challenging due to progressive phase transitions in solution-based processes. Now a non-invasive surface reaction strategy enables the formation of phase-pure 2D perovskite contact layers, boosting the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells and modules.

Brainstem gliomas are an aggressive form of paediatric cancer. Here, the authors use metabolomics to assess differences in metabolites during radiotherapy.

In urethral damage, exogenous implants designed for urethral repair are hindered by the open and harsh urethral microenvironments and the isotropic compression and swelling properties of the material. Here, Yang et al. develop a tri-layer hydrogel with anti-fouling and low-swelling properties for scarless urethral repair.

Achieving efficiency by approaching the theoretical limit in silicon heterojunction solar cells remains challenging. Here, the authors fabricate devices using rear-side polishing and progressive RF/VHF PECVD film deposition schemes for doping layers, realizing a certified cell efficiency of 27.0%.

Understanding brain function requires integrating neuronal structure, activity, and genes. Here, authors developed an optogenetic tool they name Pisces, to enable complete labeling of individual neurons’ morphology with functional and molecular profiling, allowing multimodal single-cell analysis in vivo in zebrafish.

Genetic muscle diseases are difficult to treat due to challenges in delivering gene editors to muscles throughout the body. Here, authors engineer muscle-specific virus-like particles that fuse with skeletal muscle cells to deliver CRISPR tools and restore dystrophin in a DMD model.

The biological clock model LifeClock predicts biological age across all life stages from routine clinical data, revealing distinct pediatric and adult disease risk patterns.

Conventional ammonia synthesis is energy intensive. Here the authors explore the mechanism of light-driven ammonia synthesis through in situ spectroscopy and modelling, and demonstrate that certain AuRu plasmonic alloys are promising catalysts for this potentially more sustainable process.

Lipoylated proteins are essential for energy metabolism of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here, the authors showed that the E. coli lipoate-protein ligase A (LplA) can boost the lipoylation of key energy metabolism enzymes of diverse organisms.