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A composite sorbent combining LiCl with MOF material Ni₂Cl₂(BTDD) enables high water uptakes while low desorption temperature, achieving solar-driven water yield over 1 L m^‒2 day^‒1, which has been confirmed in field tests even across diverse regions.

In patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC), resistance to the standard-of-care induction chemotherapy often occurs. Here, using longitudinal single-cell transcriptomic profiling of HPSCC samples from patients receiving induction chemotherapy, the authors identify a ZNF683-high natural killer (NK) cell population as a predictor of chemotherapy response.

Single-crystal alloy thin films (SATFs) are appealing for applications in crystal epitaxy, surface catalysis, and energy conversion. Here, the authors report a method to synthesize wafer-scale binary and ternary SATFs with sub-nanometer roughness, which can be used as substrates for the growth of high-quality graphene single crystals.

Off-the-shelf, on-demand allogeneic CAR-T cells could represent a therapeutic alternative to autologous products for cancer therapy. Here the authors report the preclinical characterization of off-the-shelf CRISPR-Cas9– edited IL-13Rα2-specific allogeneic universal CAR-T cells and the results of a first-in-human phase I trial in patients with high-grade glioma.

Polycrystalline disorder often obscures the proton conduction pathways and mechanisms in covalent organic frameworks. Here, the authors functionalize 3D crystalline covalent organic frameworks under solvent-free conditions achieving anhydrous superprotonic conductivity and studied the mechanism behind.

Dissipative many body systems provide quantum-enhanced sensitivity to external near gap-closing points. Here, the authors demonstrate record sensitivity in a Rydberg-atomic platform in correspondence of folded hysteresis trajectories under external microwave driving

Here authors prepare a defect-rich Mg–Mn layered double hydroxide, which via a spatiotemporally ordered topotactic transformation, achieving synergistic comineralisation of As^III and Cd²⁺.

Direct ethanol fuel cells need efficient catalysts for ethanol oxidation. Here, the authors report confined heterostructural transformation in PtPdBiSn nanoplates that induces interphase electron distribution, achieving high activity and durability.

Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) was identified as a synthetic-lethal target in p53-deficient cancers through alterations in double-stranded RNA accumulation. A covalent small-molecule inhibitor of TDG exhibited potent efficacy against p53-deficient tumors.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues were compared, revealing that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2AR)-mediated G_i signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect, with the functional mechanisms underlying this providing insights for designing therapeutic drugs without hallucinogenic effects.

Generalised pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a severe type of psoriasis characterized by epidermal neutrophil infiltration and potentially life-threatening flares. Here the authors use single cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis of skin samples implicating contact between IL36G+ keratinocytes and neutrophils as well as ligand-receptor interactions of fibroblasts with T cells, neutrophils or macrophages.

Integration of twist-phase-matched van der Waals flakes on optical fibre ends enables efficient nonlinear optical processes, including second-harmonic generation and parametric downconversion, and the fabrication of a frequency-doubling ultrafast laser.

A new Bayesian framework for analysing gravitational-wave ringdown signals from black holes speeds up multi-mode inference, enhancing rapid and statistically robust tests of strong gravity.

Electrocatalytic co-reduction of CO₂ and NO₃ ^- for urea synthesis is constrained by low efficiency. Here, the stable Cu^δ+ active sites, regulated by an analogous rectifying interface effect, not only enhanced the critical C-N coupling dynamics but also enabled high-performance urea synthesis.

Organic electrochemical neuron sensors enable rapid, energy-efficient neural signal detection and modulation, supporting closed-loop neuromodulation and offering a promising platform for implantable neurotherapeutic applications.

Li, Cui, Yang, Lu, Jiang, Zhang and colleagues identify a lactate transport mechanism from tumour-associated macrophages that regulates DNA repair and immune cell infiltration, which could be targeted to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in glioblastoma models.

Addressing how the nitrogen-induced changes in plant diversity differ from those in soil organisms is critical. This global meta-analysis suggests that nitrogen enrichment has stronger negative effects on plant diversity but modest to negligible effects on soil bacterial and fungal diversity.

Insights from surface science studies on model catalysts very often do not translate to practical catalytic systems due to the so-called pressure and materials gaps. Now, a combination of in situ microscopy, spectroscopy and computational modelling is used to bridge the knowledge from surface science and powder catalysts for FeO–Pt during CO oxidation.

Avian influenza A H5N1 has recently caused infections in humans following spillover events into cattle. Here, the authors investigate the genetic basis for the expanded host range of the virus.

The short Argonaute-based bacterial defence system SPARDA exhibits collateral nuclease activity during phage infection. Here, the authors show that target DNA-induced filament assembly of SPARDA leads to tetramerization and activation of the DREN nuclease domain.

The role of lactylation in non-histone proteins remains underexplored. Here, the authors investigate lactylation on ALDOA-K147 by proteomics, GCE, and biochemical assays, revealing its diverse regulatory effects on cellular processes, including metabolism, nuclear translocation and gene regulation.

T-cell engager (TCE)-based immunotherapy requires further development in solid tumors due to limited T cell penetration, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and toxicity. The authors here develop a glypican-3 targeting mRNA TCE (MTS105) which manifests superior T cell activation and tumor regression hepatocellular carcinoma mice model comparing to conventional TCE, and safety with cynomolgus monkey studies.

The impact of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) on device longevity has been overlooked. Here, the authors employ thermal evaporated yttrium oxide to strengthen structural stability of FTO, achieving maximum efficiency of 26.48% and 28.47% in regular and all-perovskite tandem structures, respectively.

Tissue-specific mRNA or gene editing machinery delivery is achieved with lipid nanoparticles containing peptides with specific sequences, which tune the protein corona of the particles by mechanical optimization of peptide–protein binding affinities.

This study presents a two-step chemical reprogramming strategy that converts fibroblasts into functional retinal pigment epithelium cells, offering a safe and scalable alternative for vision restoration in retinal degenerative diseases.

Wang et al. propose a 3D meta-holographic zoom micro-projector, integrating a high-resolution metasurface with a tailored liquid lens, resulting in a 3D zoom micro-projector of only 0.18 cm³, small enough to fit on a fingertip.

Here, the authors demonstrate that VGLL4 maintains cartilage integrity by forming a complex with TEAD4-SMAD3 to regulate extracellular matrix homeostasis. VGLL4 deficiency accelerates osteoarthritis, while its restoration or SMAD3 delivery rescues cartilage damage, suggesting therapeutic potential.

This study identifies a primary oseltamivir-resistance mutation in influenza hemagglutinin, which arises independently and enhances resistance when combined with a known neuraminidase mutation, underscoring the need for broader antiviral surveillance beyond neuraminidase.

Silicon materials offer high capacity in Li-ion batteries but suffer from huge volume changes during cycling, requiring external pressure to maintain performance. Here, authors develop a self-healing gel polymer electrolyte that confines silicon expansion without external pressure.

Serotonin (5-HT) and its derivative melatonin are versatile physiological regulators. Here, the authors report that abscisic acid induces 5-HT biosynthesis via the ABI5 transcription factor in rice.

Prostate cancer diagnosis require MRI analysis, however, scoring can vary between clinicians. Here, the authors develop ProAI to detect prostate cancer from imaging.

Yu and colleagues present MSGo, an artificial intelligence exposomics tool trained on virtual mass spectra with masking that identifies pollutants by generating chemical structures that match measured spectral data.

Synovitis is a key early driver of osteoarthritis (OA), and RANKL contributes to cartilage degradation in OA. Here the authors show that denosumab, an anti-RNKL antibody, reduces synovitis and delays OA progression in animal models and patients.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction is a promising method for greener ammonia synthesis. Here, a CuPd bimetallic catalyst with abundant Cu–PdH_x interfaces is synthesized, enabling efficient electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia conversion. The interface-enhanced intrinsic activity provides a high production rate and long-term stability, and demonstrated scalability in membrane electrode assembly electrolysers.

This study introduces ChemAHNet, a deep learning model that predicts stereoselectivity and absolute configurations in the asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins with two prochiral centers, providing a broadly applicable tool for catalyst and substrate design.

Researchers demonstrate all-collinear antiferromagnetic tunnel junctions achieving up to 75% magnetoresistance through van der Waals interface effects, enabling spintronics with layer-tunable volatile or non-volatile behavior.

The ALPK1 agonist UDSP-Hep stimulates tumour-cell antigen presentation, macrophage–DC cross-priming and differentiation of protective memory T cells.

In large prospectively enrolled validation cohorts of patients with cancer and controls and a prospective study of asymptomatic individuals with average risk for cancer, a multicancer early detection test based on plasma cell-free DNA genomics and fragmentomics showed encouraging accuracy in identifying ongoing disease as well as the tissue of origin.